When designing the internals and cab access for the MacLean GR8 grader, Human Factors Engineering (HFE) should focus on enabling safe, low-effort access, intuitive operation, and sustained operator comfort in a constrained underground environment. Key considerations include:

• Safe access/egress: Well-spaced steps, non-slip surfaces, handholds that support three-point contact, and door swing/clearances that account for PPE and limited headings. Emergency egress paths should be obvious and operable under low visibility or loss-of-power conditions.
• Anthropometric fit: Seat, steering, pedals, and displays adjustable to accommodate a broad user population (e.g., 5th–95th percentile), reducing awkward postures and musculoskeletal strain.
• Visibility and situational awareness: Optimised sightlines to blade, articulation joint, and travel path; effective mirror/camera placement; glare control and task-appropriate lighting for low-lux headings.
• Control layout and compatibility: Logical grouping, consistent coding (shape/colour/label), and movement compatibility to minimise slips and negative transfer from other mobile plant.
• Environment and workload: Vibration damping, noise control, HVAC for thermal comfort, and display design that prioritises critical information to manage cognitive load.
• Maintainability and housekeeping: Easy-to-clean surfaces, cable routing that avoids snag hazards, and access to service points without forcing unsafe reaches.

Applied early, these HFE measures reduce injury risk, lower error likelihood, and support consistent productivity across long underground shifts.